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Lucy Townsend (née Jesse; 25 July 1781 – 20 April 1847) was a British abolitionist. She started the first Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Birmingham titled The Ladies' Society for the Relief of Negro Slaves. Her society was a model for others in Britain and America. The British Ladies' Society's role in abolitionism is considered to have had a national impact. ==Life== Townsend's family came from Staffordshire. Her father, William Jesse, was the evangelical incumbent at All Saints Church in West Bromwich.〔(West Bromwich Churches ), British History online, Retrieved 30 July 2015〕 In 1807 she married Rev. Charles Townsend, who was the curate of West Bromwich and a campaigner against slavery. They became the parents of six children and they were both opposed to cruel sports as well as slavery.〔 Townsend founded the first Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Birmingham on 8 April 1825. She and Mary Lloyd were the first joint secretaries of what was at first called ''The Ladies' Society for the Relief of Negro Slaves''. Other founding members included Elizabeth Heyrick, Sophia Sturge and Sarah Wedgwood (daughter of Josiah Wedgwood). By 1831 there were over seventy similar anti-slavery organisations.〔 Townsend's organisation was publicised in America and it became a model for similar organisations in the USA. Townsend published ''To the Law and to the Testimony'' in support of anti-slavery in 1832.〔 Whilst she was in Birmingham she started an organisation to assist deaf-mutes with Mary Lloyd. In 1836 Townsend moved to Thorpe in Nottinghamshire. She gave up the job of honorary secretary, but remained as a committee member.〔 The role of abolitionist women in Britain was independent. For many years these anti-slavery organisations, which were run by women, were dismissed as of marginal interest, but recent research has revealed that these groups had a distinct and national impact.〔Clare Midgley, "Lloyd , Mary (1795–1865)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Sept 2013 (accessed 30 July 2015 )〕 Townsend's organisation was not affiliated to any national organisation, neither was it a partner organisation for Birmingham's (mens) Anti-Slavery Organisation. In fact women like Elizabeth Heyrick, Eliza Wigham and Jane Smeal believed that slavery should not be gradually abolished but it should be immediately abolished.〔 The Sheffield organisation was the first Anti-Slavery organisation in Britain to propose an immediate end to slavery.〔 Conversely Townsend's organisation took a more conservative line in 1839 when they followed the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society's policy of supporting a more gradual move.〔 Townsend attended the World Anti-Slavery Convention in 1840. Anne Knight who was also a delegate encouraged Townsend to volunteer to be included in the large painting of all the notable delegates because she was "the chief lady" of the campaign for anti-slavery.〔 Knight was included, but Townsend was not.〔 There is no known picture of what Townsend looked like.〔Clare Midgley, "Townsend , Lucy (1781–1847)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004 (accessed 30 July 2015 )〕 At the convention she would meet women who represented other leading ladies' organisations. Eliza Wigham was there representing the Edinburgh Ladies' Emancipation Society, Mary Anne Rawson was from the Sheffield Society; Jane Smeal from Glasgow; Amelia Opie from Norwich; Elizabeth Pease from Darlington and Anne Knight from Chelmsford.〔(Women's Anti-Slavery Organisations ), Spartacus Educational, Retrieved 30 July 2015〕 Townsend lived at the rectory where her husband was the clergyman at St. Lawrence's Church.〔(White's "Directory of Nottinghamshire," ), 1853, Retrieved 30 July 2015〕 She died in Thorpe in 1847.〔 Townsend was survived by her husband〔 and there is a brass memorial to her and her husband in the church.〔(Thorpe ), Southwell Churches, Retrieved 30 July 2015〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lucy Townsend」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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